2 * UCW Library -- Parsing of command line options
4 * (c) 2013 Jan Moskyto Matejka <mq@ucw.cz>
5 * (c) 2014 Martin Mares <mj@ucw.cz>
7 * This software may be freely distributed and used according to the terms
8 * of the GNU Lesser General Public License.
20 #ifdef CONFIG_UCW_CLEAN_ABI
21 #define cf_def_file ucw_cf_def_file
22 #define cf_env_file ucw_cf_env_file
23 #define opt_conf_hook_internal ucw_opt_conf_hook_internal
24 #define opt_handle_config ucw_opt_handle_config
25 #define opt_handle_dumpconfig ucw_opt_handle_dumpconfig
26 #define opt_handle_help ucw_opt_handle_help
27 #define opt_handle_set ucw_opt_handle_set
28 #define opt_help ucw_opt_help
29 #define opt_parse ucw_opt_parse
32 #define OPT_EXIT_BAD_ARGS 2
39 OPT_CL_END, // end of list
40 OPT_CL_BOOL, // boolean value
41 OPT_CL_STATIC, // static value
42 OPT_CL_SWITCH, // lookup/switch
43 OPT_CL_INC, // incremental value
44 OPT_CL_CALL, // call a function
45 OPT_CL_USER, // user defined value
46 OPT_CL_SECTION, // subsection
47 OPT_CL_HELP, // help line
53 const char * name; // long-op
54 int letter; // short-op
55 void * ptr; // where to save
56 const char * help; // description in --help
58 struct opt_section * section; // subsection for OPT_SECTION
59 int value; // value for OPT_SWITCH
60 void (* call)(struct opt_item * opt, const char * value, void * data); // function to call for OPT_CALL
61 void (* hook)(struct opt_item * opt, uns event, const char * value, void * data); // function to call for OPT_CL_HOOK
62 struct cf_user_type * utype; // specification of the user-defined type
65 byte cls; // enum opt_class
66 byte type; // enum cf_type
70 struct opt_item * opt;
73 #define OPT_ITEMS .opt = ( struct opt_item[] ) /** List of sub-items. **/
76 * Sub-items to be enclosed in OPT_ITEMS { } list
77 * ----------------------------------------------
79 * OPT_HELP_OPTION declares --help and prints a line about that
80 * OPT_HELP prints a line into help
81 * OPT_BOOL declares boolean option with an auto-negation (--sth and --no-sth). It's also possible to write --sth=y/yes/true/1/n/no/false/0.
82 * OPT_STRING, OPT_UNS, OPT_INT declare simple string/uns/int option
83 * OPT_SWITCH declares one choice of a switch statement; these have common target and different `value`s; last wins unless OPT_SINGLE is set;
84 * parser fails if it matches an OPT_SWITCH with OPT_SINGLE set and also target set.
85 * Target must be of signed integer type; it is set to -1 if no switch appears at the command-line.
86 * OPT_CALL calls the given function with an argument, giving also the opt_item structure and some custom data.
87 * OPT_HOOK is called at the specified place: before option parsing, before value parsing and after value parsing as specified in @flags;
88 * OPT_HOOK_BEFORE_ARG gets @opt and @value set to NULL;
89 * OPT_HOOK_BEFORE_VALUE gets both @opt and @value set.
90 * OPT_HOOK_AFTER_VALUE gets both @opt and @value set.
91 * OPT_USER declares a custom type of value defined by the given @cf_user_type in @ttype
92 * OPT_INC declares an incremental value like -v/--verbose
93 * OPT_SECTION declares a subsection
97 #define OPT_HELP_OPTION(help) OPT_CALL(0, "help", opt_handle_help, &help, OPT_BEFORE_CONFIG | OPT_NO_VALUE, "\tShow this help")
98 #define OPT_HELP(line) { .help = line, .cls = OPT_CL_HELP }
99 #define OPT_BOOL(shortopt, longopt, target, fl, desc) { .letter = shortopt, .name = longopt, .ptr = &target, .help = desc, .flags = fl, .cls = OPT_CL_BOOL, .type = CT_INT }
100 #define OPT_STRING(shortopt, longopt, target, fl, desc) { .letter = shortopt, .name = longopt, .ptr = &target, .help = desc, .flags = fl, .cls = OPT_CL_STATIC, .type = CT_STRING }
101 // FIXME: U64 and DOUBLE are not described in the comment above
102 #define OPT_U64(shortopt, longopt, target, fl, desc) { .letter = shortopt, .name = longopt, .ptr = &target, .help = desc, .flags = fl, .cls = OPT_CL_STATIC, .type = CT_U64 }
103 #define OPT_INT(shortopt, longopt, target, fl, desc) { .letter = shortopt, .name = longopt, .ptr = &target, .help = desc, .flags = fl, .cls = OPT_CL_STATIC, .type = CT_INT }
104 #define OPT_DOUBLE(shortopt, longopt, target, fl, desc) { .letter = shortopt, .name = longopt, .ptr = &target, .help = desc, .flags = fl, .cls = OPT_CL_STATIC, .type = CT_DOUBLE }
105 // FIXME: Does IP deserve a basic type? Wouldn't a pre-defined user type be better?
106 // Especially, this would provide an easy extension for IPv6.
107 #define OPT_IP(shortopt, longopt, target, fl, desc) { .letter = shortopt, .name = longopt, .ptr = &target, .help = desc, .flags = fl, .cls = OPT_CL_STATIC, .type = CT_IP }
108 // FIXME: Semantics not clear from the description above
109 #define OPT_SWITCH(shortopt, longopt, target, val, fl, desc) { .letter = shortopt, .name = longopt, .ptr = &target, .help = desc, .flags = fl, .cls = OPT_CL_SWITCH, .type = CT_LOOKUP, .u.value = val }
110 #define OPT_CALL(shortopt, longopt, fn, data, fl, desc) { .letter = shortopt, .name = longopt, .ptr = data, .help = desc, .u.call = fn, .flags = fl, .cls = OPT_CL_CALL, .type = CT_USER }
111 #define OPT_USER(shortopt, longopt, target, ttype, fl, desc) { .letter = shortopt, .name = longopt, .ptr = &target, .u.utype = &ttype, .flags = fl, .help = desc, .cls = OPT_CL_USER, .type = CT_USER }
112 // FIXME: Check that the target is of the right type (likewise in other statically typed options)
113 #define OPT_INC(shortopt, longopt, target, fl, desc) { .letter = shortopt, .name = longopt, .ptr = &target, .flags = fl, .help = desc, .cls = OPT_CL_INC, .type = CT_INT }
114 #define OPT_SECTION(sec) { .cls = OPT_CL_SECTION, .u.section = &sec }
115 #define OPT_HOOK(fn, data, events) { .cls = OPT_CL_HOOK, .u.hook = fn, .flags = events, .ptr = data }
116 #define OPT_END { .cls = OPT_CL_END }
122 * OPT_CONF_OPTIONS declares -C and -S as described in @getopt.h
125 #ifdef CONFIG_UCW_DEBUG
126 #define OPT_CONF_OPTIONS OPT_CONF_CONFIG, OPT_CONF_SET, OPT_CONF_DUMPCONFIG, OPT_CONF_HOOK
128 #define OPT_CONF_OPTIONS OPT_CONF_CONFIG, OPT_CONF_SET, OPT_CONF_HOOK
131 #define OPT_CONF_CONFIG OPT_CALL('C', "config", opt_handle_config, NULL, OPT_BEFORE_CONFIG | OPT_REQUIRED_VALUE, "<file>\tOverride the default configuration file")
132 #define OPT_CONF_SET OPT_CALL('S', "set", opt_handle_set, NULL, OPT_BEFORE_CONFIG | OPT_REQUIRED_VALUE, "<item>\tManual setting of a configuration item")
133 #define OPT_CONF_DUMPCONFIG OPT_CALL(0, "dumpconfig", opt_handle_dumpconfig, NULL, OPT_NO_VALUE, "\tDump program configuration")
134 #define OPT_CONF_HOOK OPT_HOOK(opt_conf_hook_internal, NULL, OPT_HOOK_BEFORE_VALUE | OPT_HOOK_FINAL)
136 void opt_handle_config(struct opt_item * opt, const char * value, void * data);
137 void opt_handle_set(struct opt_item * opt, const char * value, void * data);
138 void opt_handle_dumpconfig(struct opt_item * opt, const char * value, void * data);
139 void opt_conf_hook_internal(struct opt_item * opt, uns event, const char * value, void * data);
141 // XXX: This is duplicated with <ucw/getopt.h>, but that one will hopefully go away one day.
143 * The default config (as set by `CONFIG_UCW_DEFAULT_CONFIG`) or NULL if already loaded.
144 * You can set it to something else manually.
146 extern char *cf_def_file;
148 * Name of environment variable that can override what configuration is loaded.
149 * Defaults to `CONFIG_UCW_ENV_VAR_CONFIG`.
151 extern char *cf_env_file;
154 * Predefined shortopt arguments
155 * ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
157 * for the preceding calls if positional args wanted.
158 * Arguments are processed in the order of the numbers given to them. There must be first
159 * the args with OPT_REQUIRED (see below) and after them the args without OPT_REQUIRED, no mixing.
160 * You may define a catch-all option as OPT_POSITIONAL_TAIL. After this, no positional arg is allowed.
161 * You may shuffle the positional arguments in any way in the opt sections but the numbering must obey
162 * the rules given here.
164 // FIXME: The previous paragraph is almost incomprehensible
166 // FIXME: Is numbering from 1 natural here?
167 // FIXME: Are there any rules for mixing of positional arguments with options?
168 #define OPT_POSITIONAL(n) (OPT_POSITIONAL_TAIL+(n))
169 #define OPT_POSITIONAL_TAIL 128
173 * Flags for the preceding calls
174 * ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
177 #define OPT_REQUIRED 0x1 /** Argument must appear at the command line **/
178 #define OPT_REQUIRED_VALUE 0x2 /** Argument must have a value **/
179 #define OPT_NO_VALUE 0x4 /** Argument must have no value **/
180 #define OPT_MAYBE_VALUE 0x8 /** Argument may have a value **/
181 #define OPT_VALUE_FLAGS (OPT_REQUIRED_VALUE | OPT_NO_VALUE | OPT_MAYBE_VALUE)
182 #define OPT_NEGATIVE 0x10 /** Reversing the effect of OPT_INC or saving @false into OPT_BOOL **/
183 #define OPT_NO_HELP 0x20 /** Omit this line from help **/
184 #define OPT_LAST_ARG 0x40 /** Stop processing argv after this line **/
185 #define OPT_SINGLE 0x100 /** Argument must appear at most once **/
186 #define OPT_MULTIPLE 0x200 /** Argument may appear any time; will save all the values into a simple list **/
187 #define OPT_SEEN_AS_LONG 0x400 // Used internally
188 #define OPT_BEFORE_CONFIG 0x800 /** Argument may appear before config file is loaded **/
190 // For hooks, the flags contain a combination of events.
191 #define OPT_HOOK_BEFORE_ARG 0x1 /** Call before option parsing **/
192 #define OPT_HOOK_BEFORE_VALUE 0x2 /** Call before value parsing **/
193 #define OPT_HOOK_AFTER_VALUE 0x4 /** Call after value parsing **/
194 #define OPT_HOOK_FINAL 0x8 /** Call just before opt_parse() returns **/
196 void opt_help(const struct opt_section * sec);
197 void opt_handle_help(struct opt_item * opt, const char * value, void * data);
199 // FIXME: Should this be public?
200 static inline void opt_usage(void) {
201 fprintf(stderr, "Run with argument --help for more information.\n");
205 * Parse all arguments, given in a NULL-terminated array of strings.
207 * Typically, this is called from `main(argc, argv)` as `opt_parse(options, argv+1)`,
208 * skipping the 0th argument, which contains program name.
210 * Returns the number of arguments used (which need not be all of them
211 * if `OPT_LAST_ARG` was encountered).
213 * The argument array is left untouched.
214 * However, option values are not necessarily copied, the variables
215 * set by the parser may point to the argument array.
217 int opt_parse(const struct opt_section * options, char ** argv);