2 * UCW Library -- Logging
4 * (c) 1997--2009 Martin Mares <mj@ucw.cz>
5 * (c) 2008 Tomas Gavenciak <gavento@ucw.cz>
7 * This software may be freely distributed and used according to the terms
8 * of the GNU Lesser General Public License.
14 #include <ucw/clists.h>
16 #ifdef CONFIG_UCW_CLEAN_ABI
17 #define log_add_substream ucw_log_add_substream
18 #define log_check_configured ucw_log_check_configured
19 #define log_close_all ucw_log_close_all
20 #define log_close_stream ucw_log_close_stream
21 #define log_configured ucw_log_configured
22 #define log_find_type ucw_log_find_type
23 #define log_new_configured ucw_log_new_configured
24 #define log_new_fd ucw_log_new_fd
25 #define log_new_file ucw_log_new_file
26 #define log_new_stream ucw_log_new_stream
27 #define log_new_syslog ucw_log_new_syslog
28 #define log_pass_filtered ucw_log_pass_filtered
29 #define log_register_type ucw_log_register_type
30 #define log_rm_substream ucw_log_rm_substream
31 #define log_set_default_stream ucw_log_set_default_stream
32 #define log_set_format ucw_log_set_format
33 #define log_stream_by_flags ucw_log_stream_by_flags
34 #define log_switch ucw_log_switch
35 #define log_switch_disable ucw_log_switch_disable
36 #define log_switch_enable ucw_log_switch_enable
37 #define log_syslog_facility_exists ucw_log_syslog_facility_exists
38 #define log_type_name ucw_log_type_name
41 /*** === Messages and streams ***/
44 * Inside the logging system, a log message is always represented by this structure.
47 char *m; // The formatted message itself, ending with \n\0
48 int m_len; // Length without the \0
49 struct tm *tm; // Current time
51 uint flags; // Category and other flags as passed to msg()
52 char *raw_msg; // Unformatted parts
55 uint depth; // Recursion depth
56 bool error; // An error has occurred (e.g., an infinite loop in sub-streams)
60 * Each stream is represented by an instance of this structure.
63 char *name; // Optional name, allocated by the user (or constructor)
64 int regnum; // Stream number, already encoded by LS_SET_STRNUM(); -1 if closed
65 uint levels; // Bitmask of accepted severity levels (default: all)
66 uint types; // Bitmask of accepted message types (default: all)
67 uint msgfmt; // Formatting flags (LSFMT_xxx)
68 uint use_count; // Number of references to the stream
69 uint stream_flags; // Various other flags (LSFLAG_xxx)
70 int (*filter)(struct log_stream* ls, struct log_msg *m); // Filter function, return non-zero to discard the message
71 clist substreams; // Pass the message to these streams (simple_list of pointers)
72 int (*handler)(struct log_stream *ls, struct log_msg *m); // Called to commit the message, return 0 for success, errno on error
73 void (*close)(struct log_stream* ls); // Called upon log_close_stream()
74 void *user_data; // Not used by the logging system
75 // Private data of the handler follow
79 * Formatting flags specifying the format of the message passed to the handler.
82 LSFMT_LEVEL = 1, // severity level (one letter) */
83 LSFMT_TIME = 2, // date and time (YYYY-mm-dd HH:MM:SS) */
84 LSFMT_USEC = 4, // also micro-seconds */
85 LSFMT_TITLE = 8, // program title (log_title) */
86 LSFMT_PID = 16, // program PID (log_pid) */
87 LSFMT_LOGNAME = 32, // name of the log_stream */
88 LSFMT_TYPE = 64, // message type
91 #define LSFMT_DEFAULT (LSFMT_LEVEL | LSFMT_TIME | LSFMT_TITLE | LSFMT_PID) /** Default format **/
94 * General stream flags.
97 LSFLAG_ERR_IS_FATAL = 1, // When a logging error occurs, die() immediately
98 LSFLAG_ERR_REPORTED = 2, // A logging error has been already reported on this stream
104 * The @flags parameter of <<basics:msg()>> is divided to several groups of bits (from the LSB):
105 * message severity level (`L_xxx`), destination stream, message type
106 * and control bits (e.g., `L_SIGHANDLER`).
109 enum ls_flagbits { // Bit widths of groups
116 enum ls_flagpos { // Bit positions of groups
118 LS_STRNUM_POS = LS_LEVEL_POS + LS_LEVEL_BITS,
119 LS_TYPE_POS = LS_STRNUM_POS + LS_STRNUM_BITS,
120 LS_CTRL_POS = LS_TYPE_POS + LS_TYPE_BITS,
123 enum ls_flagmasks { // Bit masks of groups
124 LS_LEVEL_MASK = ((1 << LS_LEVEL_BITS) - 1) << LS_LEVEL_POS,
125 LS_STRNUM_MASK = ((1 << LS_STRNUM_BITS) - 1) << LS_STRNUM_POS,
126 LS_TYPE_MASK = ((1 << LS_TYPE_BITS) - 1) << LS_TYPE_POS,
127 LS_CTRL_MASK = ((1 << LS_CTRL_BITS) - 1) << LS_CTRL_POS,
130 // "Get" macros (break flags to parts)
131 #define LS_GET_LEVEL(flags) (((flags) & LS_LEVEL_MASK) >> LS_LEVEL_POS) /** Extract severity level **/
132 #define LS_GET_STRNUM(flags) (((flags) & LS_STRNUM_MASK) >> LS_STRNUM_POS) /** Extract stream number **/
133 #define LS_GET_TYPE(flags) (((flags) & LS_TYPE_MASK) >> LS_TYPE_POS) /** Extract message type **/
134 #define LS_GET_CTRL(flags) (((flags) & LS_CTRL_MASK) >> LS_CTRL_POS) /** Extract control bits **/
136 // "Set" macros (parts to flags)
137 #define LS_SET_LEVEL(level) ((level) << LS_LEVEL_POS) /** Convert severity level to flags **/
138 #define LS_SET_STRNUM(strnum) ((strnum) << LS_STRNUM_POS) /** Convert stream number to flags **/
139 #define LS_SET_TYPE(type) ((type) << LS_TYPE_POS) /** Convert message type to flags **/
140 #define LS_SET_CTRL(ctrl) ((ctrl) << LS_CTRL_POS) /** Convert control bits to flags **/
142 #define LS_NUM_TYPES (1 << LS_TYPE_BITS)
144 /** Register a new message type and return the corresponding flag set (encoded by `LS_SET_TYPE`). **/
145 int log_register_type(const char *name);
147 /** Find a message type by name and return the corresponding flag set. Returns -1 if no such type found. **/
148 int log_find_type(const char *name);
150 /** Given a flag set, extract the message type ID and return its name. **/
151 char *log_type_name(uint flags);
153 /*** === Operations on streams ***/
156 * Allocate a new log stream with no handler and an empty substream list.
157 * Since struct log_stream is followed by private data, @size bytes of memory are allocated
158 * for the whole structure. See below for functions creating specific stream types.
160 struct log_stream *log_new_stream(size_t size);
163 * Decrement the use count of a stream. If it becomes zero, close the stream,
164 * free its memory, and unlink all its substreams.
166 int log_close_stream(struct log_stream *ls);
169 * Get a new reference on an existing stream. For convenience, the return value is
170 * equal to the argument @ls.
172 static inline struct log_stream *log_ref_stream(struct log_stream *ls)
179 * Link a substream to a stream. The substream gains a reference, preventing
180 * it from being freed until it is unlinked.
182 void log_add_substream(struct log_stream *where, struct log_stream *what);
185 * Unlink all occurrences of a substream @what from stream @where. Each
186 * occurrence loses a reference. If @what is NULL, all substreams are unlinked.
187 * Returns the number of unlinked substreams.
189 int log_rm_substream(struct log_stream *where, struct log_stream *what);
192 * Set formatting flags of a given stream and all its substreams. The flags are
193 * AND'ed with @mask and OR'ed with @data.
195 void log_set_format(struct log_stream *ls, uint mask, uint data);
198 * Find a stream by its registration number (in the format of logging flags).
199 * Returns NULL if there is no such stream.
201 struct log_stream *log_stream_by_flags(uint flags);
203 /** Return a pointer to the default stream (stream #0). **/
204 static inline struct log_stream *log_default_stream(void)
206 return log_stream_by_flags(0);
210 * Make the specified stream the default destination.
212 * In fact, it takes the fixed default stream and attaches @ls as its only
213 * substream. If there were any other substreams, they are removed.
215 * Log streams created by <<basics:log_file()>> or @log_configured() are made default
216 * by calling this function.
218 void log_set_default_stream(struct log_stream *ls);
221 * Close all open streams, un-initialize the module, free all memory and
222 * reset the logging mechanism to use stderr only.
224 void log_close_all(void);
227 * The filter function of a stream might want to modify the message
228 * before passing it to the handler and/or substreams. In this case,
229 * the filter should make a local copy of `struct log_msg`, call
230 * @log_pass_filtered() on it and return true, so that the original
231 * message will not be processed any further.
233 void log_pass_filtered(struct log_stream *ls, struct log_msg *m);
236 * === Logging to files
238 * All log files are open in append mode, which guarantees atomicity of write()
239 * even in multi-threaded programs.
242 struct log_stream *log_new_file(const char *path, uint flags); /** Create a stream bound to a log file. See `FF_xxx` for @flags. **/
243 struct log_stream *log_new_fd(int fd, uint flags); /** Create a stream bound to a file descriptor. See `FF_xxx` for @flags. **/
245 enum log_file_flag { /** Flags used for file-based logging **/
246 FF_FORMAT_NAME = 1, // Internal: Name contains strftime escapes
247 FF_CLOSE_FD = 2, // Close the fd with the stream (use with log_new_fd())
248 FF_FD2_FOLLOWS = 4, // Maintain stderr as a clone of this stream
252 * When a time-based name of the log file changes, the logger switches to a new
253 * log file automatically. This can be sometimes inconvenient, so you can use
254 * this function to disable the automatic switches. The calls to this function
257 void log_switch_disable(void);
258 void log_switch_enable(void); /** Negate the effect of log_switch_disable(). **/
259 int log_switch(void); /** Switch log files manually. **/
262 * === Logging to syslog
264 * This log stream uses the libc interface to the system logging daemon (`syslogd`).
265 * This interface has several limitations:
267 * * Syslog are poorer than our scheme, so they are translated with a slight
268 * loss of information (most importantly, the distinction between local and
269 * remote messages is lost). If you are interested in details, search the
270 * source for syslog_level().
271 * * Syslog options (especially logging of PID with each message) must be fixed
272 * during initialization of the logger
273 * * Syslog provides its own formatting, so we turn off all formatting flags
274 * of the LibUCW logger. You can override this manually by setting the @msgfmt
275 * field of the log stream, but the result won't be nice.
276 * * Syslog does not support timestamps with sub-second precision.
280 * Create a log stream for logging to a selected syslog facility.
281 * The @options are passed to openlog(). (Beware, due to limitations of the
282 * syslog interface in libc, the @options are shared for all syslog streams
283 * and they are applied when the first stream is created.)
285 struct log_stream *log_new_syslog(const char *facility, int options);
288 * Verify that a facility of the given name exists. Return 1 if it does, 0 otherwise.
290 int log_syslog_facility_exists(const char *facility);
293 * === Configuring log streams
295 * If you use the LibUCW mechanism for parsing config files, you can let your
296 * user configure arbitrary log streams in the Logging section of the config file
297 * (see examples in the default config file). LibUCW automatically verifies that
298 * the configuration is consistent (this is performed in the commit hook of the
299 * config section), but it opens the streams only upon request. The following
300 * functions can be used to control that.
303 /** Open a log stream configured under the specified name and increase its use count. **/
304 struct log_stream *log_new_configured(const char *name);
306 /** Open a log stream configured under the specified name and use it as the default destination. **/
307 void log_configured(const char *name);
310 * Verify that a stream called @name was configured. If it wasn't, return an error
311 * message. This is intended to be used in configuration commit hooks.
313 char *log_check_configured(const char *name);