2 * The PCI Library -- PCI config space access using Kernel Local Debugging Driver
4 * Copyright (c) 2022 Pali Rohár <pali@kernel.org>
6 * Can be freely distributed and used under the terms of the GNU GPL v2+.
8 * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
14 #include <stdio.h> /* for sprintf() */
15 #include <string.h> /* for memset() and memcpy() */
18 #include "i386-io-windows.h"
20 #ifndef ERROR_NOT_FOUND
21 #define ERROR_NOT_FOUND 1168
24 #ifndef LOAD_LIBRARY_AS_IMAGE_RESOURCE
25 #define LOAD_LIBRARY_AS_IMAGE_RESOURCE 0x20
27 #ifndef LOAD_LIBRARY_AS_DATAFILE_EXCLUSIVE
28 #define LOAD_LIBRARY_AS_DATAFILE_EXCLUSIVE 0x40
32 #define IOCTL_KLDBG CTL_CODE(FILE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN, 0x1, METHOD_NEITHER, FILE_READ_ACCESS | FILE_WRITE_ACCESS)
36 #define BUS_DATA_TYPE LONG
38 #ifndef PCIConfiguration
39 #define PCIConfiguration (BUS_DATA_TYPE)4
42 #ifndef SYSDBG_COMMAND
43 #define SYSDBG_COMMAND ULONG
45 #ifndef SysDbgReadBusData
46 #define SysDbgReadBusData (SYSDBG_COMMAND)18
48 #ifndef SysDbgWriteBusData
49 #define SysDbgWriteBusData (SYSDBG_COMMAND)19
52 #ifndef SYSDBG_BUS_DATA
53 typedef struct _SYSDBG_BUS_DATA {
57 BUS_DATA_TYPE BusDataType;
60 } SYSDBG_BUS_DATA, *PSYSDBG_BUS_DATA;
61 #define SYSDBG_BUS_DATA SYSDBG_BUS_DATA
64 #ifndef PCI_SEGMENT_BUS_NUMBER
65 typedef struct _PCI_SEGMENT_BUS_NUMBER {
69 ULONG SegmentNumber:16;
74 } PCI_SEGMENT_BUS_NUMBER, *PPCI_SEGMENT_BUS_NUMBER;
75 #define PCI_SEGMENT_BUS_NUMBER PCI_SEGMENT_BUS_NUMBER
78 #ifndef PCI_SLOT_NUMBER
79 typedef struct _PCI_SLOT_NUMBER {
83 ULONG FunctionNumber:3;
88 } PCI_SLOT_NUMBER, *PPCI_SLOT_NUMBER;
89 #define PCI_SLOT_NUMBER PCI_SLOT_NUMBER
93 typedef struct _KLDBG {
94 SYSDBG_COMMAND Command;
101 static BOOL debug_privilege_enabled;
102 static LUID luid_debug_privilege;
103 static BOOL revert_only_privilege;
104 static HANDLE revert_token;
106 static HANDLE kldbg_dev = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
109 win32_kldbg_pci_bus_data(BOOL WriteBusData, USHORT SegmentNumber, BYTE BusNumber, BYTE DeviceNumber, BYTE FunctionNumber, USHORT Address, PVOID Buffer, ULONG BufferSize, LPDWORD Length);
112 win32_strerror(DWORD win32_error_id)
115 * Use static buffer which is large enough.
116 * Hopefully no Win32 API error message string is longer than 4 kB.
118 static char buffer[4096];
121 len = FormatMessageA(FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM | FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS, NULL, win32_error_id, MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT), buffer, sizeof(buffer), NULL);
123 /* FormatMessage() automatically appends ".\r\n" to the error message. */
124 if (len && buffer[len-1] == '\n')
125 buffer[--len] = '\0';
126 if (len && buffer[len-1] == '\r')
127 buffer[--len] = '\0';
128 if (len && buffer[len-1] == '.')
129 buffer[--len] = '\0';
132 sprintf(buffer, "Unknown Win32 error %lu", win32_error_id);
138 win32_is_32bit_on_64bit_system(void)
140 BOOL (WINAPI *MyIsWow64Process)(HANDLE, PBOOL);
144 kernel32 = GetModuleHandle(TEXT("kernel32.dll"));
148 MyIsWow64Process = (void *)GetProcAddress(kernel32, "IsWow64Process");
149 if (!MyIsWow64Process)
152 if (!MyIsWow64Process(GetCurrentProcess(), &is_wow64))
159 win32_get_current_process_machine(void)
161 IMAGE_DOS_HEADER *dos_header;
162 IMAGE_NT_HEADERS *nt_header;
164 dos_header = (IMAGE_DOS_HEADER *)GetModuleHandle(NULL);
165 if (dos_header->e_magic != IMAGE_DOS_SIGNATURE)
166 return IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_UNKNOWN;
168 nt_header = (IMAGE_NT_HEADERS *)((BYTE *)dos_header + dos_header->e_lfanew);
169 if (nt_header->Signature != IMAGE_NT_SIGNATURE)
170 return IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_UNKNOWN;
172 return nt_header->FileHeader.Machine;
176 win32_check_driver(BYTE *driver_data)
178 IMAGE_DOS_HEADER *dos_header;
179 IMAGE_NT_HEADERS *nt_headers;
180 WORD current_machine;
182 current_machine = win32_get_current_process_machine();
183 if (current_machine == IMAGE_FILE_MACHINE_UNKNOWN)
186 dos_header = (IMAGE_DOS_HEADER *)driver_data;
187 if (dos_header->e_magic != IMAGE_DOS_SIGNATURE)
190 nt_headers = (IMAGE_NT_HEADERS *)((BYTE *)dos_header + dos_header->e_lfanew);
191 if (nt_headers->Signature != IMAGE_NT_SIGNATURE)
194 if (nt_headers->FileHeader.Machine != current_machine)
197 if (!(nt_headers->FileHeader.Characteristics & IMAGE_FILE_EXECUTABLE_IMAGE))
201 if (!(nt_headers->FileHeader.Characteristics & IMAGE_FILE_32BIT_MACHINE))
205 /* IMAGE_NT_OPTIONAL_HDR_MAGIC is alias for the header magic used on the target compiler architecture. */
206 if (nt_headers->OptionalHeader.Magic != IMAGE_NT_OPTIONAL_HDR_MAGIC)
209 if (nt_headers->OptionalHeader.Subsystem != IMAGE_SUBSYSTEM_NATIVE)
216 win32_kldbg_unpack_driver(struct pci_access *a, LPTSTR driver_path)
218 BOOL use_kd_exe = FALSE;
219 HMODULE exe_with_driver = NULL;
220 HRSRC driver_resource_info = NULL;
221 HGLOBAL driver_resource = NULL;
222 BYTE *driver_data = NULL;
223 DWORD driver_size = 0;
224 HANDLE driver_handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
229 /* Try to find and open windbg.exe or kd.exe file in PATH. */
230 exe_with_driver = LoadLibraryEx(TEXT("windbg.exe"), NULL, LOAD_LIBRARY_AS_DATAFILE_EXCLUSIVE | LOAD_LIBRARY_AS_IMAGE_RESOURCE);
231 if (!exe_with_driver)
234 exe_with_driver = LoadLibraryEx(TEXT("kd.exe"), NULL, LOAD_LIBRARY_AS_DATAFILE_EXCLUSIVE | LOAD_LIBRARY_AS_IMAGE_RESOURCE);
236 if (!exe_with_driver)
238 error = GetLastError();
239 if (error == ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND ||
240 error == ERROR_MOD_NOT_FOUND)
241 a->debug("Cannot find windbg.exe or kd.exe file in PATH");
243 a->debug("Cannot load %s file: %s.", use_kd_exe ? "kd.exe" : "windbg.exe", win32_strerror(error));
247 /* kldbgdrv.sys is embedded in windbg.exe/kd.exe as a resource with name id 0x7777 and type id 0x4444. */
248 driver_resource_info = FindResource(exe_with_driver, MAKEINTRESOURCE(0x7777), MAKEINTRESOURCE(0x4444));
249 if (!driver_resource_info)
251 a->debug("Cannot find kldbgdrv.sys resource in %s file: %s.", use_kd_exe ? "kd.exe" : "windbg.exe", win32_strerror(GetLastError()));
255 driver_resource = LoadResource(exe_with_driver, driver_resource_info);
256 if (!driver_resource)
258 a->debug("Cannot load kldbgdrv.sys resource from %s file: %s.", use_kd_exe ? "kd.exe" : "windbg.exe", win32_strerror(GetLastError()));
262 driver_size = SizeofResource(exe_with_driver, driver_resource_info);
265 a->debug("Cannot determinate size of kldbgdrv.sys resource from %s file: %s.", use_kd_exe ? "kd.exe" : "windbg.exe", win32_strerror(GetLastError()));
269 driver_data = LockResource(driver_resource);
272 a->debug("Cannot load kldbgdrv.sys resouce data from %s file: %s.", use_kd_exe ? "kd.exe" : "windbg.exe", win32_strerror(GetLastError()));
276 if (!win32_check_driver(driver_data))
278 a->debug("Cannot use kldbgdrv.sys driver from %s file: Driver is from different architecture.", use_kd_exe ? "kd.exe" : "windbg.exe");
282 driver_handle = CreateFile(driver_path, GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, CREATE_NEW, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
283 if (driver_handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
285 error = GetLastError();
286 if (error != ERROR_FILE_EXISTS)
288 a->debug("Cannot create kldbgdrv.sys driver file in system32 directory: %s.", win32_strerror(error));
291 /* If driver file in system32 directory already exists then treat it as successfull unpack. */
296 if (!WriteFile(driver_handle, driver_data, driver_size, &written, NULL) ||
297 written != driver_size)
299 a->debug("Cannot store kldbgdrv.sys driver file to system32 directory: %s.", win32_strerror(GetLastError()));
300 /* On error, delete file from system32 directory to allow another unpack attempt. */
301 CloseHandle(driver_handle);
302 driver_handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
303 DeleteFile(driver_path);
307 a->debug("Driver kldbgdrv.sys was successfully unpacked from %s and stored in system32 directory...", use_kd_exe ? "kd.exe" : "windbg.exe");
311 if (driver_handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
312 CloseHandle(driver_handle);
315 FreeResource(driver_resource);
318 FreeLibrary(exe_with_driver);
324 win32_kldbg_register_driver(struct pci_access *a, SC_HANDLE manager, SC_HANDLE *service)
328 HANDLE driver_handle;
331 * COM library dbgeng.dll unpacks kldbg driver to file "\\system32\\kldbgdrv.sys"
332 * and register this driver with service name kldbgdrv. Implement same behavior.
333 * GetSystemDirectory() returns path to "\\system32" directory on all Windows versions.
336 system32_len = GetSystemDirectory(NULL, 0); /* Returns number of TCHARs plus 1 for nul-term. */
338 system32_len = sizeof("C:\\Windows\\System32");
340 driver_path = pci_malloc(a, (system32_len + sizeof("\\kldbgdrv.sys")-1) * sizeof(TCHAR));
342 system32_len = GetSystemDirectory(driver_path, system32_len); /* Now it returns number of TCHARs without nul-term. */
345 system32_len = sizeof("C:\\Windows\\System32")-1;
346 memcpy(driver_path, TEXT("C:\\Windows\\System32"), system32_len);
349 /* GetSystemDirectory returns path without backslash unless the system directory is the root directory. */
350 if (driver_path[system32_len-1] != '\\')
351 driver_path[system32_len++] = '\\';
353 memcpy(driver_path + system32_len, TEXT("kldbgdrv.sys"), sizeof(TEXT("kldbgdrv.sys")));
355 driver_handle = CreateFile(driver_path, 0, 0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
356 if (driver_handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
357 CloseHandle(driver_handle);
358 else if (GetLastError() == ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND)
360 a->debug("Driver kldbgdrv.sys is missing, trying to unpack it from windbg.exe or kd.exe...");
361 if (!win32_kldbg_unpack_driver(a, driver_path))
363 pci_mfree(driver_path);
368 *service = CreateService(manager, TEXT("kldbgdrv"), TEXT("kldbgdrv"), SERVICE_START, SERVICE_KERNEL_DRIVER, SERVICE_DEMAND_START, SERVICE_ERROR_NORMAL, driver_path, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
371 if (GetLastError() != ERROR_SERVICE_EXISTS)
373 a->debug("Cannot create kldbgdrv service: %s.", win32_strerror(GetLastError()));
374 pci_mfree(driver_path);
378 *service = OpenService(manager, TEXT("kldbgdrv"), SERVICE_START);
381 a->debug("Cannot open kldbgdrv service: %s.", win32_strerror(GetLastError()));
382 pci_mfree(driver_path);
387 a->debug("Service kldbgdrv was successfully registered...");
388 pci_mfree(driver_path);
393 win32_kldbg_start_driver(struct pci_access *a)
395 SC_HANDLE manager = NULL;
396 SC_HANDLE service = NULL;
400 manager = OpenSCManager(NULL, NULL, SC_MANAGER_CONNECT | SC_MANAGER_CREATE_SERVICE);
402 manager = OpenSCManager(NULL, NULL, SC_MANAGER_CONNECT);
405 a->debug("Cannot open Service Manager: %s.", win32_strerror(GetLastError()));
409 service = OpenService(manager, TEXT("kldbgdrv"), SERVICE_START);
412 error = GetLastError();
413 if (error != ERROR_SERVICE_DOES_NOT_EXIST)
415 a->debug("Cannot open kldbgdrv service: %s.", win32_strerror(error));
419 a->debug("Kernel Local Debugging Driver (kldbgdrv.sys) is not registered, trying to register it...");
421 if (win32_is_32bit_on_64bit_system())
424 a->debug("Registering driver from 32-bit process on 64-bit system is not implemented yet.");
428 if (!win32_kldbg_register_driver(a, manager, &service))
432 if (!StartService(service, 0, NULL))
434 error = GetLastError();
435 if (error != ERROR_SERVICE_ALREADY_RUNNING)
437 a->debug("Cannot start kldbgdrv service: %s.", win32_strerror(error));
442 a->debug("Service kldbgdrv successfully started...");
447 CloseServiceHandle(service);
450 CloseServiceHandle(manager);
456 win32_kldbg_setup(struct pci_access *a)
458 OSVERSIONINFO version;
463 if (kldbg_dev != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
466 /* Check for Windows Vista (NT 6.0). */
467 version.dwOSVersionInfoSize = sizeof(version);
468 if (!GetVersionEx(&version) ||
469 version.dwPlatformId != VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_NT ||
470 version.dwMajorVersion < 6)
472 a->debug("Accessing PCI config space via Kernel Local Debugging Driver requires Windows Vista or higher version.");
476 kldbg_dev = CreateFile(TEXT("\\\\.\\kldbgdrv"), GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
477 if (kldbg_dev == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
479 error = GetLastError();
480 if (error != ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND)
482 a->debug("Cannot open \"\\\\.\\kldbgdrv\" device: %s.", win32_strerror(error));
486 a->debug("Kernel Local Debugging Driver (kldbgdrv.sys) is not running, trying to start it...");
488 if (!win32_kldbg_start_driver(a))
491 kldbg_dev = CreateFile(TEXT("\\\\.\\kldbgdrv"), GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
492 if (kldbg_dev == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
494 error = GetLastError();
495 a->debug("Cannot open \"\\\\.\\kldbgdrv\" device: %s.", win32_strerror(error));
501 * Try to read PCI id register from PCI device 0000:00:00.0.
502 * If this device does not exist and kldbg API is working then
503 * kldbg returns success with read value 0xffffffff.
505 if (win32_kldbg_pci_bus_data(FALSE, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, &id, sizeof(id), &ret_len) && ret_len == sizeof(id))
508 error = GetLastError();
510 a->debug("Cannot read PCI config space via Kernel Local Debugging Driver: %s.", win32_strerror(error));
512 if (error != ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED)
514 CloseHandle(kldbg_dev);
515 kldbg_dev = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
519 a->debug("..Trying again with Debug privilege...");
521 if (!LookupPrivilegeValue(NULL, SE_DEBUG_NAME, &luid_debug_privilege))
523 a->debug("Debug privilege is not supported.");
524 CloseHandle(kldbg_dev);
525 kldbg_dev = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
529 if (!enable_privilege(luid_debug_privilege, &revert_token, &revert_only_privilege))
531 a->debug("Process does not have right to enable Debug privilege.");
532 CloseHandle(kldbg_dev);
533 kldbg_dev = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
537 if (win32_kldbg_pci_bus_data(FALSE, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, &id, sizeof(id), &ret_len) && ret_len == sizeof(id))
539 a->debug("Succeeded.");
540 debug_privilege_enabled = TRUE;
544 error = GetLastError();
546 a->debug("Cannot read PCI config space via Kernel Local Debugging Driver: %s.", win32_strerror(error));
548 CloseHandle(kldbg_dev);
549 kldbg_dev = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
551 revert_privilege(luid_debug_privilege, revert_token, revert_only_privilege);
553 revert_only_privilege = FALSE;
558 win32_kldbg_detect(struct pci_access *a)
560 if (!win32_kldbg_setup(a))
567 win32_kldbg_init(struct pci_access *a)
569 if (!win32_kldbg_setup(a))
572 a->error("PCI config space via Kernel Local Debugging Driver cannot be accessed.");
577 win32_kldbg_cleanup(struct pci_access *a UNUSED)
579 if (kldbg_dev == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
582 CloseHandle(kldbg_dev);
583 kldbg_dev = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
585 if (debug_privilege_enabled)
587 revert_privilege(luid_debug_privilege, revert_token, revert_only_privilege);
589 revert_only_privilege = FALSE;
590 debug_privilege_enabled = FALSE;
600 char oem_table_id[8];
602 char asl_compiler_id[4];
603 u32 asl_compiler_revision;
615 win32_kldbg_scan(struct pci_access *a)
618 * There is no kldbg API to retrieve list of PCI segments. WinDBG pci plugin
619 * kext.dll loads debug symbols from pci.pdb file for kernel module pci.sys.
620 * Then it reads kernel memory which belongs to PciSegmentList local variable
621 * which is the first entry of struct _PCI_SEGMENT linked list. And then it
622 * iterates all entries in linked list and reads SegmentNumber for each entry.
624 * This is extremly ugly hack and does not work on systems without installed
625 * kernel debug symbol files.
627 * Do something less ugly. Retrieve ACPI MCFG table via GetSystemFirmwareTable
628 * and parse all PCI segment numbers from it. ACPI MCFG table contains PCIe
629 * ECAM definitions, so all PCI segment numbers.
632 UINT (*WINAPI MyGetSystemFirmwareTable)(DWORD FirmwareTableProviderSignature, DWORD FirmwareTableID, PVOID pFirmwareTableBuffer, DWORD BufferSize);
633 int i, allocations_count;
634 struct acpi_mcfg *mcfg;
640 /* Always scan PCI segment 0. */
641 pci_generic_scan_domain(a, 0);
643 kernel32 = GetModuleHandle(TEXT("kernel32.dll"));
647 /* Function GetSystemFirmwareTable() is available since Windows Vista. */
648 MyGetSystemFirmwareTable = (void *)GetProcAddress(kernel32, "GetSystemFirmwareTable");
649 if (!MyGetSystemFirmwareTable)
652 /* 0x41435049 = 'ACPI', 0x4746434D = 'MCFG' */
653 size = MyGetSystemFirmwareTable(0x41435049, 0x4746434D, NULL, 0);
656 error = GetLastError();
657 if (error == ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION) /* ACPI is not present, so only PCI segment 0 is available. */
659 else if (error == ERROR_NOT_FOUND) /* MCFG table is not present, so only PCI segment 0 is available. */
661 a->debug("Cannot retrieve ACPI MCFG table: %s.\n", win32_strerror(error));
665 mcfg = pci_malloc(a, size);
667 if (MyGetSystemFirmwareTable(0x41435049, 0x4746434D, mcfg, size) != size)
669 error = GetLastError();
670 a->debug("Cannot retrieve ACPI MCFG table: %s.\n", win32_strerror(error));
675 if (size < sizeof(*mcfg) || size < mcfg->length)
677 a->debug("ACPI MCFG table is broken.\n");
682 segments = pci_malloc(a, 0xFFFF/8);
683 memset(segments, 0, 0xFFFF/8);
685 /* Scan all MCFG allocations and set available PCI segments into bit field. */
686 allocations_count = (mcfg->length - ((unsigned char *)&mcfg->allocations - (unsigned char *)mcfg)) / sizeof(mcfg->allocations[0]);
687 for (i = 0; i < allocations_count; i++)
688 segments[mcfg->allocations[i].pci_segment / 8] |= 1 << (mcfg->allocations[i].pci_segment % 8);
690 /* Skip PCI segment 0 which was already scanned. */
691 for (i = 1; i < 0xFFFF; i++)
692 if (segments[i / 8] & (1 << (i % 8)))
693 pci_generic_scan_domain(a, i);
700 win32_kldbg_pci_bus_data(BOOL WriteBusData, USHORT SegmentNumber, BYTE BusNumber, BYTE DeviceNumber, BYTE FunctionNumber, USHORT Address, PVOID Buffer, ULONG BufferSize, LPDWORD Length)
703 SYSDBG_BUS_DATA sysdbg_cmd;
704 PCI_SLOT_NUMBER pci_slot;
705 PCI_SEGMENT_BUS_NUMBER pci_seg_bus;
707 memset(&pci_slot, 0, sizeof(pci_slot));
708 memset(&sysdbg_cmd, 0, sizeof(sysdbg_cmd));
709 memset(&pci_seg_bus, 0, sizeof(pci_seg_bus));
711 sysdbg_cmd.Address = Address;
712 sysdbg_cmd.Buffer = Buffer;
713 sysdbg_cmd.Request = BufferSize;
714 sysdbg_cmd.BusDataType = PCIConfiguration;
715 pci_seg_bus.u.bits.BusNumber = BusNumber;
716 pci_seg_bus.u.bits.SegmentNumber = SegmentNumber;
717 sysdbg_cmd.BusNumber = pci_seg_bus.u.AsULONG;
718 pci_slot.u.bits.DeviceNumber = DeviceNumber;
719 pci_slot.u.bits.FunctionNumber = FunctionNumber;
720 sysdbg_cmd.SlotNumber = pci_slot.u.AsULONG;
722 kldbg_cmd.Command = WriteBusData ? SysDbgWriteBusData : SysDbgReadBusData;
723 kldbg_cmd.Buffer = &sysdbg_cmd;
724 kldbg_cmd.BufferLength = sizeof(sysdbg_cmd);
727 return DeviceIoControl(kldbg_dev, IOCTL_KLDBG, &kldbg_cmd, sizeof(kldbg_cmd), &sysdbg_cmd, sizeof(sysdbg_cmd), Length, NULL);
731 win32_kldbg_read(struct pci_dev *d, int pos, byte *buf, int len)
735 if ((unsigned int)d->domain > 0xffff)
738 if (!win32_kldbg_pci_bus_data(FALSE, d->domain, d->bus, d->dev, d->func, pos, buf, len, &ret_len))
741 if (ret_len != (unsigned int)len)
748 win32_kldbg_write(struct pci_dev *d, int pos, byte *buf, int len)
752 if ((unsigned int)d->domain > 0xffff)
755 if (!win32_kldbg_pci_bus_data(TRUE, d->domain, d->bus, d->dev, d->func, pos, buf, len, &ret_len))
758 if (ret_len != (unsigned int)len)
764 struct pci_methods pm_win32_kldbg = {
766 "Win32 PCI config space access using Kernel Local Debugging Driver",
772 pci_generic_fill_info,
777 NULL /* cleanup_dev */